Introduction The Civil Disobedience Movement, launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930, was one of the most significant phases of India’s struggle for independence. This movement was a response to British colonial rule’s oppressive policies and aimed at achieving Swaraj (self-rule) through nonviolent resistance. The movement was marked by the famous Dandi March, where Gandhi and…
Introduction The Uttar Pradesh Public Service Commission (UPPSC) conducts the Provincial Civil Services (UPPCS) examination, one of the most prestigious state-level exams for administrative positions in Uttar Pradesh. With thousands of aspirants competing each year, preparing for UPPCS requires strategic planning, a strong understanding of the syllabus, and consistent practice. While some candidates prefer self-study,…
Introduction The Hyperloop is an advanced transportation concept that envisions high-speed travel in vacuum-sealed tubes using magnetic levitation or air-based propulsion systems. Originally proposed by Elon Musk in 2013, the Hyperloop aims to provide ultra-fast, energy-efficient, and cost-effective travel by reducing air resistance and friction. This futuristic mode of transport has the potential to revolutionize…
Mountains are one of the most significant natural landforms on Earth. They influence climate, serve as habitats for diverse species, and play a crucial role in human civilization by providing water, minerals, and a place for cultural and spiritual significance. What is a Mountain? A mountain is a large landform that rises prominently above its…
The Indian National Congress (INC) played a pivotal role in India’s struggle for independence. As the first major political organization in British India, the INC served as a platform for expressing nationalist aspirations, fostering unity among Indians, and ultimately leading the country toward independence. But who founded the INC, and under what circumstances was it…
The Indian freedom movement witnessed several crucial moments that shaped its course, and one such significant event was the Surat Split of 1907. This internal division within the Indian National Congress (INC) between the Moderates and the Extremists played a crucial role in defining the future strategies of the Indian independence struggle. The split not…
The struggle for India’s independence was marked by both non-violent movements and armed resistance against British rule. One of the most daring revolutionary activities of the early 20th century was the Kakori Conspiracy Case of 1925. This event was orchestrated by the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), a revolutionary organization committed to overthrowing British rule through…
The Civil Disobedience Movement, launched in 1930, was one of the most significant mass movements in India’s struggle for independence. Mahatma Gandhi led this movement, which aimed at non-violent resistance against British rule. It was characterized by mass protests, boycotts, and non-cooperation with British authorities. The immediate cause of the movement was the British monopoly…
The Indian National Congress (INC) played a pivotal role in India’s struggle for independence. Among its many significant sessions, the Lahore Session of 1929 stands out as a turning point in India’s freedom movement. It was in this session that the resolution for ‘Poorna Swaraj’ (Complete Independence) was officially adopted. This marked a shift from…
The Government of India Act, 1935, was a landmark piece of legislation passed by the British Parliament. It laid the foundation for India’s future constitutional framework and was the most comprehensive law introduced by the British in colonial India. The Act marked a significant shift from a centralized system to a federal structure, granting limited…