Introduction Antibiotics have been hailed as one of the greatest medical innovations of the 20th century, significantly reducing mortality from bacterial infections. However, their overuse and indiscriminate availability have led to a global public health crisis: antimicrobial resistance (AMR). India, being one of the largest consumers of antibiotics in the world, faces an acute threat…
1. Introduction Food wastage is one of the most pressing global challenges of the 21st century. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), nearly 1.3 billion tonnes of food—roughly one-third of all food produced—is lost or wasted annually. This occurs while over 800 million people go hungry worldwide. In India alone, millions of tonnes…
Introduction As the global population continues to grow and arable land becomes scarce, sustainable food production systems are gaining critical importance. Vertical aquaponics—a synergy of aquaculture (raising fish) and hydroponics (growing plants in water)—has emerged as a promising solution. This innovative, space-efficient method merges vertical farming with aquaponics to create a closed-loop, symbiotic ecosystem that…
Introduction In an era where environmental consciousness and sustainable development dominate global discourse, the agricultural sector faces increasing pressure to reduce its ecological footprint. Among the key challenges is the use of traditional plastic packaging for agricultural products, which contributes significantly to environmental pollution. As a solution, two transformative innovations have emerged: biodegradable packaging and…
Introduction Agriculture is the backbone of India’s economy, employing nearly half of its workforce and contributing significantly to the nation’s GDP. With a rapidly growing population projected to cross 1.5 billion by 2050, India faces the formidable challenge of ensuring food security for all its citizens. The traditional farming practices that have sustained Indian agriculture…
Introduction The healthcare industry stands at the crossroads of a revolution, one driven not by new drugs or surgical methods, but by Artificial Intelligence (AI). From diagnosing diseases to predicting treatment outcomes and discovering new drugs, AI is transforming healthcare into a more predictive, personalized, and preventive model. Among the most profound impacts of AI…
Introduction As technology advances, the quest for faster, smaller, and more efficient computing systems has led researchers to explore unconventional computing paradigms beyond traditional silicon-based processors. One fascinating and innovative field is DNA computing, which uses the molecular structure of DNA to perform computational tasks. DNA computing harnesses the natural properties of DNA molecules for…
Introduction In the age of information and genomics, biology has become a data-rich science. With the completion of the Human Genome Project and advancements in high-throughput technologies, biologists are now confronted with vast amounts of data that need to be processed, analyzed, and interpreted. The field that enables this transformation of biological data into meaningful…
Introduction Synthetic biology is a rapidly emerging interdisciplinary field that fuses biology, engineering, genetics, chemistry, and computer science to design and construct new biological parts, systems, and organisms. Unlike traditional genetic engineering, which modifies existing biological systems, synthetic biology aims to build entirely new systems from the ground up or redesign existing ones to perform…
Introduction Biological disasters, particularly pandemics, have emerged as some of the most complex and devastating challenges for modern societies. India, with its vast population, diverse ecology, and varying levels of healthcare infrastructure, is particularly vulnerable. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed many gaps in India’s biological disaster preparedness, but it also catalyzed reforms. In this essay, we…