Introduction The global automobile industry is undergoing a massive transformation driven by the twin challenges of climate change and sustainable energy needs. With rising concerns over fossil fuel depletion, greenhouse gas emissions, and the urgent demand for cleaner alternatives, governments and industries are exploring new energy solutions. One such promising alternative is Compressed Natural Gas…
1. Introduction Food wastage is one of the most pressing global challenges of the 21st century. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), nearly 1.3 billion tonnes of food—roughly one-third of all food produced—is lost or wasted annually. This occurs while over 800 million people go hungry worldwide. In India alone, millions of tonnes…
Introduction Synthetic biology is a rapidly emerging interdisciplinary field that fuses biology, engineering, genetics, chemistry, and computer science to design and construct new biological parts, systems, and organisms. Unlike traditional genetic engineering, which modifies existing biological systems, synthetic biology aims to build entirely new systems from the ground up or redesign existing ones to perform…
Introduction Solar energy has emerged as a cornerstone of the global shift towards sustainable energy. At the heart of this transformation lie solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, which convert sunlight into electricity. However, one of the key limitations has been their conversion efficiency — the percentage of sunlight they convert into usable electricity. Over the past…
Introduction In the modern world, where energy consumption is rapidly increasing and environmental concerns are intensifying, the efficient management of energy resources has become paramount. Artificial Intelligence (AI), with its remarkable capabilities in data processing, prediction, and automation, offers transformative solutions for optimizing energy usage. AI-powered energy optimization refers to the application of AI technologies—such…
Introduction The idea of transmitting energy without wires once belonged to the realm of science fiction, famously imagined by pioneers like Nikola Tesla over a century ago. Today, Wireless Energy Transmission (WET) is no longer a fantasy. With advancements in modern physics, electronics, and material science, the transmission of power without physical connections is becoming…
Introduction In the era of climate change and depleting fossil fuels, the global energy demand is driving innovation toward sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Among the many renewable energy sources, biofuels, especially those derived from algae, are emerging as promising substitutes for conventional fuels. They offer the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance energy security,…
Introduction In the global fight against climate change, reducing carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions has become paramount. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a technological approach designed to capture CO₂ emissions from industrial processes and power plants before they enter the atmosphere, then securely store them underground or use them for beneficial purposes. This method aims…
Introduction Hydrogen fuel cells represent a promising technology in the global quest for clean, sustainable energy. As the world grapples with the environmental impacts of fossil fuels, fuel cells, especially hydrogen-based, have emerged as an efficient and eco-friendly energy solution. This article explores hydrogen fuel cells in depth — their working principles, types, applications, benefits,…
Introduction In the 21st century, warfare has evolved far beyond the traditional battlefield. No longer confined to land, air, or sea, modern conflicts are increasingly fought in the digital realm. Cyber warfare, an emerging domain of conflict, poses one of the most significant threats to national security across the globe. With the rise of sophisticated…