Introduction The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the land, laying the foundation for governance and the rights of citizens. At the heart of this monumental document lies its Preamble, a guiding philosophy that encapsulates the essence of Indian democracy. The Preamble is not just an introduction but a declaration of the fundamental…
Introduction The civil services form the backbone of any democratic nation, playing a crucial role in governance and public administration. One of the most revered and fundamental qualities of civil services is neutrality. The concept of neutrality ensures that civil servants function with impartiality, objectivity, and non-partisanship, serving the government of the day without bias…
Introduction The relationship between religion, ethnic violence, and secularism is complex and deeply interwoven in political discourse. The statement that “the politics of religion and ethnic violence is basically the politics of secularism and secularization” suggests that secularism, rather than being a neutral force, often plays an active role in shaping conflicts and political strategies….
Introduction India, the seventh-largest country in the world, is known for its vast geographical expanse and diverse culture. Administratively, India is divided into 28 states and 8 Union Territories (UTs) as of today. The country has undergone multiple reorganizations since independence in 1947, shaping its current political structure. This article delves into the historical evolution,…
Introduction Scheduled Tribes (STs) in India constitute a significant portion of the population, representing diverse indigenous communities with distinct cultural identities. Despite constitutional provisions and affirmative action policies aimed at their upliftment, STs continue to face socio-economic marginalization. This article critically evaluates the primary challenges hindering the empowerment of Scheduled Tribes in India and explores…
Introduction Federalism is a fundamental principle of India’s political structure, balancing power between the central government and the states. The Indian federal system, enshrined in the Constitution of India, is unique in its nature, as it incorporates both unitary and federal elements. Over the decades, the nature of Indian federalism has evolved due to various…
Introduction Corruption is one of the most pressing challenges in governance, undermining public trust and hindering national development. In many countries, including India, prosecuting corrupt government officials requires prior sanction from the government or a competent authority. While this provision is intended to protect honest officials from frivolous accusations and politically motivated harassment, it has…
Pressure groups, also known as interest groups or advocacy groups, are organizations or collectives that seek to influence government policies and decisions in favor of their members’ interests or causes. In India, these groups have gained significant prominence due to the country’s democratic structure and diverse socio-economic landscape. They play a crucial role in the…
The Finance Commission of India plays a crucial role in ensuring equitable distribution of financial resources between the central government and the states. Established under Article 280 of the Indian Constitution, the Finance Commission’s primary responsibility is to recommend the distribution of the net proceeds of taxes between the Union and the States, as well…
The Election Commission of India (ECI) is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering elections at both the national and state levels. As a vital institution in India’s democratic process, the ECI ensures the fair and transparent conduct of elections. Its core responsibilities include overseeing the elections for the Parliament, State Legislatures, and the offices…