The Government of India introduces new schemes from time to time to benefit different sections of society. Below is a list of major schemes launched between 2019 and 2025, covering various sectors such as agriculture, education, health, women empowerment, and digital development.
1. Agriculture and Rural Development Schemes
1.1 Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) – 2019
- Financial assistance of ₹6,000 per year to small and marginal farmers.
- Direct transfer in three installments to bank accounts.
1.2 Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (PM-KUSUM) – 2019
- Providing solar energy pumps to farmers.
- Promoting the use of solar energy in agriculture.
1.3 Jal Jeevan Mission (2019)
- Aim to provide tap water to every household by 2024.
- Ensuring clean drinking water in rural areas.
1.4 Atmanirbhar Krishi Yojana (2021)
- Financial assistance for farmers to buy agricultural equipment.
- Promotion of organic and natural farming.
2. Education and Skill Development Schemes
2.1 National Education Policy (NEP) – 2020
- Replacing the 10+2 system with a 5+3+3+4 structure.
- Emphasizing vocational education.
2.2 PM e-Vidya Yojana (2020)
- Providing digital resources for online education.
- “One Nation, One Digital Platform” initiative.
2.3 National Digital University (2022)
- Establishing a digital university for online higher education.
- Quality education through digital platforms.
2.4 Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana 4.0 (2023)
- Skill development training for youth.
- Focus on AI, cybersecurity, and robotics.
3. Health and Women Empowerment Schemes
3.1 Ayushman Bharat Yojana (2018, Extended 2021)
- Health insurance coverage up to ₹5 lakh.
- Free treatment for the poor and underprivileged.
3.2 Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (2017, Revised 2020)
- Financial assistance for pregnant women.
- ₹5,000 aid for the first child.
3.3 Mission Shakti (2021)
- Women’s safety, empowerment, and self-reliance.
- Services under “Samman” and “Sashakt” components.
3.4 PM Poshan Shakti Nirman Yojana (2021)
- Providing nutritious meals in schools.
- Expansion of the previous Mid-Day Meal scheme.
4. Digital India and Financial Inclusion Schemes
4.1 Digital India Mission (2015, Extended 2021-22)
- Promoting internet and digital services.
- Making government services available online.
4.2 e-Shram Portal (2021)
- National database for unorganized sector workers.
- Providing insurance and other government benefits.
4.3 Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (2014, Revised 2020)
- Ensuring banking facilities for all citizens.
- Zero balance account and free debit card facility.
4.4 RBI Retail Direct Scheme (2021)
- Allowing retail investors to buy government bonds.
- Encouraging digital payments.
5. Infrastructure and Housing Schemes
5.1 Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) – 2015, Extended 2022
- Ensuring permanent housing for all by 2024.
- Separate schemes for rural and urban areas.
5.2 Pradhan Mantri Gati Shakti Yojana (2021)
- Promoting multi-modal connectivity.
- Integrating railways, roads, airports, and logistics sectors.
5.3 Smart Cities Mission (2015, Extended 2021-22)
- Developing 100 smart cities.
- Focusing on digital and green infrastructure.
5.4 AMRUT 2.0 (2021)
- Improving water supply and sewerage systems in urban areas.
- Promoting water conservation and sustainable urban development.
6. Employment and Entrepreneurship Schemes
6.1 Startup India (2016, Extended 2021)
- Promoting innovation and startups.
- Providing tax exemptions and financial support.
6.2 MUDRA Yojana (2015, Extended 2021)
- Providing collateral-free loans to small and medium enterprises.
- Special benefits for women and budding entrepreneurs.
6.3 Make in India (2014, Extended 2020-21)
- Boosting domestic manufacturing and investment.
- Prioritizing defense, automobile, and textile industries.
6.4 Stand-Up India Scheme (2016, Extended 2022)
- Financial assistance for SC/ST and women entrepreneurs.
- Providing loans from ₹10 lakh to ₹1 crore.
Conclusion
From 2019 to 2025, the central government has launched various schemes aimed at enhancing India’s social, economic, and digital growth. These initiatives play a crucial role in agriculture, education, healthcare, digital India, and entrepreneurship. In the coming years, these schemes will contribute significantly to making India self-reliant.
