Introduction India’s agricultural success story is inseparable from fertilisers. From the early years of food shortages to becoming one of the world’s largest producers of cereals, fertilisers have played a decisive role in raising crop productivity and stabilising rural livelihoods. Today, India ranks among the largest consumers of fertilisers globally, reflecting both its vast farming…
Introduction Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy, employing nearly 50% of the population and contributing significantly to GDP and rural livelihoods. Despite its importance, Indian farmers have long faced challenges such as low productivity, inadequate infrastructure, market volatility, debt burden, and climate-related risks. To address these issues, the Government of India established the…
Introduction Indian agriculture, despite being a major livelihood source for more than 50% of the population, has long been trapped in issues of fragmentation, low productivity, price volatility, and weak market linkages. In this context, two key institutional reforms—Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) and the electronic National Agriculture Market (e-NAM)—have been introduced to transform the structure…