Introduction The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is one of the most significant global financial institutions established to ensure the stability of the international monetary system. Created in 1944 during the Bretton Woods Conference, the IMF was envisioned as a cooperative institution that would help maintain stable exchange rates, facilitate international trade, and promote global economic…
Introduction The Balance of Payments (BOP) is one of the most critical indicators of a country’s economic health and external sector stability. It records all economic transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world during a specific period, usually a year. The BOP is a comprehensive statement that includes trade in…
Introduction The exchange rate is a crucial determinant of a nation’s economic stability and global competitiveness. For an emerging economy like India, with growing trade and financial integration, maintaining exchange rate stability is vital. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), as the central bank, plays a central role in managing exchange rate movements to ensure…