Introduction Water is one of the most essential resources for life on Earth. However, with rapid population growth, industrial expansion, and climate change, freshwater scarcity has become a global crisis. As natural freshwater sources become increasingly limited, desalination and water purification technologies are emerging as crucial solutions to address the growing demand for clean and…
Introduction Economic growth has long been the primary goal of nations, driven by industrialization, urbanization, and technological advancements. However, rapid economic expansion often comes at the cost of environmental degradation, resource depletion, and social inequalities. The challenge of balancing economic growth with sustainability has led to the emergence of the concept of sustainable development—a model…
Introduction The Indian Ocean, the third-largest ocean in the world, is a critical resource for many countries bordering its vast expanse. It provides significant ecological, economic, and strategic benefits. The exploitation of resources from the Indian Ocean, including fishing, oil and gas extraction, deep-sea mining, and shipping activities, has led to various ecological problems. These…
Introduction Water is one of the most essential resources for sustaining life on Earth. However, despite covering approximately 71% of the planet’s surface, freshwater availability is extremely limited. The water crisis has emerged as a global challenge due to factors such as population growth, climate change, pollution, and unsustainable water use. Water scarcity not only…
Oceans cover more than 70% of the Earth’s surface and hold approximately 97% of the planet’s water. Beyond their vast expanse, they are a treasure trove of resources, offering immeasurable benefits to humanity and the ecosystem. Oceans are not just bodies of water; they are dynamic systems brimming with life, energy, minerals, and untapped potential….