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labour migrations within and outside India

Changes in the Trends of Labour Migration Within and Outside India in the Last Four Decades

IntroductionLabour migration has been one of the most important forces shaping India’s socio-economic transformation over the last four decades. From the mid-1980s onwards, changes in economic policies, globalization, technological advancement, and regional inequalities have significantly altered both internal and international migration patterns. Earlier migration was mainly seasonal and rural in nature, but over time it…

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Higher education reforms

Foreign Universities and the Quality of Higher Education in India: Opportunities and Challenges

Introduction Higher education plays a decisive role in shaping a nation’s knowledge economy, innovation capacity, and global competitiveness. In recent decades, India has made remarkable quantitative progress in higher education, becoming one of the largest systems in the world in terms of enrolment and institutions. However, despite this expansion, the quality of higher and technical…

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