The Great Depression of 1929 was one of the most devastating economic crises in modern history, affecting countries across the world. While it originated in the United States with the stock market crash of October 1929, its effects quickly spread, causing widespread unemployment, trade collapse, and financial instability. The economic downturn had severe consequences, not…
Economic crises have historically had far-reaching effects, and the Great Depression of 1929 was no exception. Though it originated in the United States, the economic depression had global consequences, affecting colonies like India under British rule. As a colonial economy, India was deeply integrated into the global trade system but had little control over its…
The Non-Cooperation Movement of the 1920s was one of the earliest mass movements led by Mahatma Gandhi against British rule in India. Launched in response to the oppressive policies of the British government, especially the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and the repressive Rowlatt Act, the movement aimed to bring about self-governance through nonviolent resistance. It played…
The Salt March of 1930, also known as the Dandi March, was one of the most significant episodes in India’s struggle for independence. Led by Mahatma Gandhi, this nonviolent protest against British salt monopoly galvanized the masses and exposed the exploitative nature of colonial rule. The march was not merely an act of civil disobedience…
Introduction ‘Poverty and Un-British Rule in India’ is one of the most significant works in Indian economic history. This book, written by Dadabhai Naoroji in 1901, played a crucial role in exposing the economic exploitation of India under British rule. Naoroji, who is often referred to as the Grand Old Man of India, was a…
The Quit India Movement, launched in 1942, was one of the most crucial phases of India’s struggle for independence. It was during this movement that Mahatma Gandhi gave the historic call of ‘Do or Die’, urging Indians to fight until the British were forced to leave India. This movement marked the final, decisive mass uprising…
The Simon Commission, officially known as the Indian Statutory Commission, was sent by the British government in 1927 to evaluate India’s constitutional progress and recommend reforms. However, the absence of any Indian members in the commission led to widespread protests and a major political upheaval. This article explores the background, objectives, key events, and the…
Introduction The Quit India Movement, also known as the August Kranti Movement, was one of the most significant milestones in India’s struggle for independence. Launched by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942, at the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee (AICC), the movement demanded an immediate end to British rule in India. It…
Introduction The British Industrial Revolution (1750–1850) was a transformative event that reshaped the global economic landscape. While Britain experienced unprecedented industrial growth, India, under British colonial rule, suffered significant economic consequences. The Industrial Revolution in Britain led to deindustrialization, exploitation, and structural economic shifts in India, severely impacting its self-sustaining economy. This article critically examines…
Introduction The period of Lord Wellesley’s Governor-Generalship (1798–1805) was a significant phase in the expansion of British rule in India. His policies, primarily based on military aggression and diplomatic manipulation, led to the rapid territorial expansion of the British East India Company. Wellesley introduced the Subsidiary Alliance System, which effectively brought Indian princely states under…