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International Monetary Fund

International Monetary Fund (IMF): Structure, Functions, and Global Role

Introduction The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is one of the most significant global financial institutions established to ensure the stability of the international monetary system. Created in 1944 during the Bretton Woods Conference, the IMF was envisioned as a cooperative institution that would help maintain stable exchange rates, facilitate international trade, and promote global economic…

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uppcs magazine

Global Economy Under COVID-19

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic, which emerged in late 2019, caused an unprecedented global crisis, affecting health, societies, and economies worldwide. While the immediate concern was the health emergency, the pandemic also led to one of the most severe economic downturns in modern history. Nations across the globe faced economic contractions, business closures, job losses, and…

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