Introduction Economic development in India over the past three decades has resulted in significant reductions in absolute poverty. According to World Bank data, India’s poverty ratio declined from approximately 45% in the early 1990s to less than 10% by the early 2020s (at national poverty lines). However, the persistence of economic inequality despite high growth…
Introduction Economic inequality has emerged as one of the most critical challenges facing India in the 21st century. Despite sustained economic growth, technological progress, and rising global integration, the benefits of development have not been distributed evenly across society. Inequality in India is not limited to income differences alone; it spans wealth ownership, access to…
Introduction Economic inequality refers to the unequal distribution of income, wealth, and opportunities among individuals or groups within a society. While some level of inequality is inevitable in a market-driven economy, excessive economic disparity can threaten social cohesion, reduce economic efficiency, and impede sustainable development. In contrast, inclusive growth emphasizes equitable access to economic opportunities,…