Introduction Inclusive growth is a development approach that ensures economic expansion benefits all sections of society, particularly the marginalized and disadvantaged groups. It goes beyond mere GDP growth and emphasizes equitable distribution of wealth, access to opportunities, and social justice. For a country like India, where disparities in income, social status, and access to resources…
Introduction Liberalization refers to the process of reducing government restrictions and regulations in economic and social policies, allowing greater participation of private and foreign entities in the market. It aims to enhance efficiency, encourage competition, and foster economic growth. In India, the economic liberalization that began in 1991 under the leadership of then-Prime Minister P.V….
Introduction In the fiscal year 2021–22, the Uttar Pradesh State Government introduced several new schemes aimed at bolstering the state’s socio-economic framework. With a budget allocation of ₹5,50,270.8 crore, including ₹27,598.4 crore dedicated to new initiatives, the government focused on areas such as agriculture, health, infrastructure, and employment. This analysis delves into the specific schemes…
Introduction The National Testing Agency (NTA) is one of India’s most significant institutions responsible for conducting various national-level entrance examinations, including JEE (Joint Entrance Examination), NEET (National Eligibility cum Entrance Test), CUET (Common University Entrance Test), and UGC-NET (University Grants Commission – National Eligibility Test). These exams determine the academic and professional future of millions…
Introduction Higher education and research are the backbone of a nation’s progress, driving innovation, economic growth, and social development. In India, the higher education system is one of the largest in the world, with thousands of universities and colleges offering diverse academic programs. However, despite significant expansion over the years, India faces multiple challenges in…
Introduction Sustainable development is a crucial global challenge that requires concerted efforts at both national and international levels. In India, a country with a population of over 1.4 billion people, rapid economic growth, and severe social inequalities, sustainable development has become a cornerstone of the nation’s development strategy. The role of international financial institutions such…
Introduction The education sector in India has long been a priority for the government, with numerous initiatives aimed at improving the quality of education across the country. Among these, the ‘Operation Kayakalp’ stands as a significant and transformative program, particularly for primary and upper primary schools. Launched by the Ministry of Education, this initiative has…