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Primary Health Infrastructure and Welfare State

Primary Health Infrastructure and Welfare State

Introduction Health is not merely the absence of disease; it is a foundational pillar of human well-being, social justice, and economic progress. In a welfare state, providing accessible and affordable healthcare to citizens is considered a moral imperative, rooted in the principles of equity, dignity, and social responsibility. However, in the contemporary development discourse, health—particularly…

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Outcome-Based Beneficiary Targeting in WASH Schemes

Outcome-Based Beneficiary Targeting in “WASH Schemes”

Introduction Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) form the foundation of public health, human dignity, and sustainable development. In a country like India, where population pressure, socio-economic inequality, and environmental stress intersect, WASH interventions are not merely infrastructure projects but instruments of social transformation. Over the years, India has launched several ambitious WASH-related initiatives, including sanitation…

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