Introduction The Global Financial Crisis of 2008 stands as one of the most severe economic disruptions since the Great Depression of the 1930s. Originating in the United States, the crisis rapidly spread across the globe due to deep financial interconnectedness, leading to widespread economic instability, recession, and unemployment. The crisis exposed fundamental weaknesses in the…
The banking sector in India is a critical pillar of the country’s financial system, facilitating economic growth, financial inclusion, and capital formation. Over the past few years, the sector has undergone significant changes, driven by regulatory reforms, digital transformation, and government interventions. However, it has also faced persistent challenges, including non-performing assets (NPAs), financial fraud,…
Introduction The economic reforms of 1991 marked a turning point in India’s economic history. Prior to 1991, the Indian economy was characterized by a mixed economic model with a heavy reliance on state control, licensing systems, and protectionist policies. However, due to a severe balance of payments crisis, the government was compelled to introduce a…