Introduction Economic stability is vital for the sustainable growth of any nation. Two critical phenomena that influence the health of an economy are inflation and deflation. Both affect purchasing power, production, employment, investment, and overall economic growth, but in opposite ways. Understanding the causes, consequences, and policy responses to both is essential for students, policymakers,…
Introduction India’s economic aspirations rest heavily on sound fiscal management. The fiscal deficit and public debt are critical indicators of a nation’s financial health. While these are not inherently problematic, their sustained rise poses significant challenges for macroeconomic stability, inflation control, and long-term growth. Over the past few years—especially post-COVID-19—India has witnessed a marked increase…
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent lockdowns imposed by the Indian government had a profound impact on the country’s economy. The sudden halt in economic activities led to a sharp decline in GDP growth, disrupted supply chains, increased unemployment, and posed challenges to businesses across sectors. To counter the recessionary trends induced by the…