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Economic Significance and Environmental Consequences

Economic Significance and Environmental Consequences of Oil Discovery in the Arctic Sea

Introduction The Arctic region, encompassing the Arctic Ocean and its surrounding territories, is one of the last frontiers for global energy exploration. With retreating sea ice due to climate change, vast reserves of hydrocarbons—particularly oil and natural gas—have become accessible, making the Arctic a focal point of geopolitical, economic, and environmental interest. According to the…

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restoring mountain ecosystems

Restoring Mountain Ecosystems from the Negative Impact of Development Initiatives and Tourism

Introduction Mountain ecosystems are among the most fragile and biodiverse ecosystems on Earth. They provide essential ecosystem services such as water regulation, biodiversity conservation, soil stabilization, climate regulation, and cultural heritage. These ecosystems support millions of people directly and indirectly through agriculture, forest products, and tourism. However, in recent decades, development initiatives and tourism have…

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