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Policies of Lord Curzon

Evaluation of the Policies of Lord Curzon and Their Long-Term Implications on the Indian National Movement

Introduction Among the British viceroys who governed India during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Lord George Nathaniel Curzon (Viceroy of India, 1899–1905) stands as one of the most controversial and consequential figures. His tenure marked a critical turning point in the history of British India. A man of immense intelligence and administrative skill,…

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Constructive Programmes of Mahatma Gandhi

Constructive Programmes of Mahatma Gandhi during the Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movements

Introduction The Indian freedom struggle was not merely a political battle against British imperialism; it was a comprehensive movement for moral, social, and economic regeneration. Among the towering figures of India’s independence movement, Mahatma Gandhi stands out as a visionary who sought to achieve swaraj (self-rule) not just through political defiance but also through constructive…

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