Introduction In a diverse and developing country like India, economic growth alone cannot ensure inclusive development unless it addresses existing inequalities, particularly those based on gender. One of the most effective tools for integrating gender perspectives into economic policymaking is Gender Budgeting. Introduced in India in the early 2000s, gender budgeting has gradually evolved from…
Introduction India’s economic aspirations rest heavily on sound fiscal management. The fiscal deficit and public debt are critical indicators of a nation’s financial health. While these are not inherently problematic, their sustained rise poses significant challenges for macroeconomic stability, inflation control, and long-term growth. Over the past few years—especially post-COVID-19—India has witnessed a marked increase…
4o mini Introduction The Make in India initiative, launched in 2014 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, aimed to transform India into a global manufacturing hub. With an emphasis on promoting domestic manufacturing and boosting employment, it sought to attract foreign investment, foster innovation, and build a self-reliant economy. The campaign encouraged global companies to set…
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic posed an unprecedented challenge to global economies, and India was no exception. As the world grappled with the crisis, India’s economy witnessed a historic downturn in 2020. However, in the wake of these hardships, the country embarked on a road to recovery, with various measures taken by the government to bolster…
Introduction India’s transformation into a globally significant economy depends on inclusive planning, decentralization, and sustainable practices. In this context, the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog), established in 2015, replaced the Planning Commission to better align with the needs of a dynamic and market-oriented economy. With the core principles of cooperative federalism, innovation, and…
Introduction India embarked on a new economic trajectory in 1991 with the adoption of liberalization, privatization, and globalization (LPG) reforms. These reforms marked a structural shift from a predominantly state-controlled economy to a more market-oriented system. The intent was to boost growth, attract foreign investment, improve efficiency, and integrate India with the global economy. Over…
India has set an ambitious goal of becoming a $5 trillion economy, a vision that represents its aspirations for rapid economic expansion, global competitiveness, and improved living standards. The government has undertaken key structural reforms, policy measures, and sectoral advancements to accelerate growth, but significant challenges remain. This article critically analyzes India’s progress toward achieving…
A nation’s economic growth and development depend heavily on how its government allocates financial resources through the annual budget. The budget determines the course of public spending, taxation, investment in key sectors, and social welfare initiatives, all of which shape economic stability and progress. In India, the Union Budget is a crucial policy instrument that…
A fiscal deficit is an essential concept in the field of public finance and plays a critical role in understanding a country’s economic health. In simple terms, a fiscal deficit occurs when a government’s total expenditure exceeds the revenue that it generates, excluding borrowing. It is often expressed as a percentage of a country’s GDP…
Infrastructure development plays a crucial role in the economic growth of any nation. It serves as the backbone of a country’s progress by improving connectivity, enhancing productivity, and attracting investments. For a developing economy like India, well-planned infrastructure development is essential for sustained growth, job creation, and improved living standards. The Indian government has launched…