Introduction The Gandhian phase of the Indian national movement, roughly spanning from 1915 to 1947, represents one of the most dynamic and transformative periods in India’s freedom struggle. Mahatma Gandhi’s entry into Indian politics revolutionized the nature, direction, and spirit of the nationalist movement. His leadership not only united people across regions, castes, classes, and…
The Non-Cooperation Movement of the 1920s was one of the earliest mass movements led by Mahatma Gandhi against British rule in India. Launched in response to the oppressive policies of the British government, especially the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and the repressive Rowlatt Act, the movement aimed to bring about self-governance through nonviolent resistance. It played…
Mahatma Gandhi was awarded the title of ‘Kaiser-e-Hind’ by the British government in 1915 for his humanitarian service in South Africa. However, in 1920, he renounced the title in protest against British atrocities in India, particularly the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre and the Rowlatt Act. This decision was part of the Non-Cooperation Movement, a mass civil…
The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922) was one of the most significant mass movements in India’s struggle for independence against British rule. Led by Mahatma Gandhi, the movement aimed at resisting British colonial oppression through non-violent means. It was a direct response to the betrayal of Indian expectations after World War I, the oppressive Rowlatt Act (1919),…
The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922) was a significant chapter in India’s struggle for independence, initiated under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. It called for a boycott of British institutions and promoted the use of indigenous goods and self-reliance. Uttar Pradesh, then known as the United Provinces, played a pivotal role in the movement due to its…