Introduction Every government in the world plays a significant role in the economic development of its nation. This role is carried out not only through laws, policies, and regulations but also through its financial decisions related to revenue and expenditure. The two main instruments of economic management are monetary policy and fiscal policy. While monetary…
Introduction The development of economies, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, is a complex process influenced by financial resources, policy frameworks, governance structures, and global economic conditions. International financial institutions like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) play a pivotal role in supporting developing economies by providing financial assistance, policy guidance, technical…
Introduction India’s economic aspirations rest heavily on sound fiscal management. The fiscal deficit and public debt are critical indicators of a nation’s financial health. While these are not inherently problematic, their sustained rise poses significant challenges for macroeconomic stability, inflation control, and long-term growth. Over the past few years—especially post-COVID-19—India has witnessed a marked increase…