Introduction The mid-eighteenth century represents one of the most transformative and tumultuous phases in Indian history. This period witnessed the decline of the Mughal Empire, the rise of regional powers, and the gradual establishment of British colonial authority. The political landscape of India during this time was marked by fragmentation, instability, and the erosion of…
Introduction The architectural heritage of Uttar Pradesh stands as a living testimony to the state’s glorious past. Among its many periods of cultural and artistic evolution, the era of the Nawabs of Awadh (1722–1856) marks a distinct and magnificent chapter. Centered in Lucknow, this period witnessed a remarkable synthesis of Mughal, Persian, and Indian architectural…
Introduction The decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century created a political vacuum in northern India. The once-centralized authority of Delhi weakened under the combined pressures of internal corruption, administrative inefficiency, and external invasions. In this context, several regional powers emerged, asserting autonomy while maintaining nominal allegiance to the Mughal throne. Among these,…