Introduction Biological disasters, particularly pandemics, have emerged as some of the most complex and devastating challenges for modern societies. India, with its vast population, diverse ecology, and varying levels of healthcare infrastructure, is particularly vulnerable. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed many gaps in India’s biological disaster preparedness, but it also catalyzed reforms. In this essay, we…
Introduction The increasing frequency of zoonotic diseases—those that spread between animals and humans—has underscored the importance of a holistic, interdisciplinary strategy for global health. The One Health approach recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health, promoting collaboration among experts from various fields to prevent and control emerging infectious diseases. Technological advancements have become…
Introduction The rapid development and deployment of mRNA vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic marked a revolutionary breakthrough in immunology and public health. The success of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccines demonstrated the vast potential of mRNA technology in combating infectious diseases. However, beyond COVID-19, mRNA vaccines hold immense promise for future pandemic preparedness, as well…
The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in late 2019, quickly evolved into a global health crisis that tested the limits of public health systems, governance, and international cooperation. The World Health Organization (WHO), as the global authority on health issues, was at the forefront of the response to the pandemic. This article aims to discuss the…