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Challenges of Rural Credit Delivery in India and Reforms for Strengthening Institutional Credit for Farmers

Introduction Agriculture remains the cornerstone of the Indian economy, employing nearly 42% of the workforce and contributing to food security for 1.4 billion people. However, the growth and sustainability of agriculture depend critically on the availability, accessibility, and affordability of credit. Credit is the lifeblood that enables farmers to purchase seeds, fertilizers, equipment, and access…

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pcs mains examinations

Minimum Support Price (MSP): Impact on Agricultural Production and Farmer Welfare, and the Case for Legal Guarantee

Introduction Agriculture remains the backbone of the Indian economy, providing livelihood to more than 50% of the population. In this context, the Minimum Support Price (MSP) plays a critical role in protecting farmers from market fluctuations and ensuring fair returns for their produce. Introduced as a policy mechanism to safeguard farmers against the vagaries of…

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pcs mains examinations

Financial Inclusion in India: Evaluating the Role of PM Jan Dhan Yojana and Digital India

Introduction Financial inclusion has emerged as a cornerstone of equitable economic development in the 21st century. It refers to the process of ensuring access to appropriate financial products and services—such as savings accounts, credit, insurance, pensions, and digital payments—to all sections of society, particularly the underprivileged and marginalized. In a country like India, with its…

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