Introduction Gender inequality, poverty, and malnutrition are three interlinked social challenges that continue to affect the socio-economic fabric of developing nations like India. These problems are not isolated; they reinforce one another, creating a vicious cycle that traps women and marginalized communities in conditions of deprivation and underdevelopment. Poverty limits access to food, healthcare, and…
Introduction Water scarcity is a persistent challenge in many parts of India, particularly in drought-prone and semi-arid regions such as Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and parts of Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh. These areas experience erratic rainfall, high evapotranspiration, low groundwater recharge, and over-dependence on monsoon rains, resulting in water stress for agriculture, livestock, and…
Introduction The monsoon climate is one of the most distinctive climatic systems in the world, marked by seasonal reversal of winds, distinct wet and dry periods, and high rainfall intensity. It plays a crucial role in sustaining the agriculture, economy, and livelihoods of over 50% of the world’s population residing in Monsoon Asia, which includes…
Introduction Mountain ecosystems are among the most fragile and biodiverse ecosystems on Earth. They provide essential ecosystem services such as water regulation, biodiversity conservation, soil stabilization, climate regulation, and cultural heritage. These ecosystems support millions of people directly and indirectly through agriculture, forest products, and tourism. However, in recent decades, development initiatives and tourism have…
Introduction Agriculture and rural development are integral to the economic and social progress of any nation, especially in countries like India, where a significant portion of the population depends on agriculture for livelihood. Rural development goes hand in hand with agricultural advancements, ensuring sustainable growth, food security, employment generation, and overall economic stability. This essay…
Introduction Millets, often referred to as “nutri-cereals,” have gained significant attention worldwide due to their nutritional benefits, resilience to climate change, and potential to enhance food security. Countries across the globe, including India, have launched various programs to promote millet cultivation, consumption, and value addition. This article provides an in-depth analysis of millet programs in…
Introduction The Gangetic Plain, one of the most fertile and densely populated regions in India, is home to a variety of rural settlement patterns. This vast alluvial plain, stretching across Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, and parts of Haryana and Jharkhand, is characterized by rich agricultural land, numerous river systems, and a long history of…