Introduction India is often described as a civilization rather than merely a nation-state. One of the most enduring characteristics of this civilization is its deep-rooted spirit of tolerance and love. From ancient philosophical traditions to modern constitutional values, Indian society has consistently emphasized coexistence, acceptance of diversity, and compassion toward others. This spirit is not…
Introduction India is globally recognized for its extraordinary cultural diversity, marked by variations in language, religion, region, ethnicity, and social customs. Among these dimensions, caste has historically been one of the most influential organizing principles of Indian society. Originating in ancient social stratification systems, caste structured occupation, social interaction, marriage, and access to resources. With…
Introduction Indian society is one of the world’s oldest continuously living civilizations. Over thousands of years, it has experienced invasions, colonialism, modernization, globalization, and rapid technological change. Yet, despite these transformations, Indian society has preserved a remarkable continuity of traditional social values. Concepts such as family bonds, respect for elders, spiritual orientation, community life, and…