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Viksit Bharat and Net Zero

India’s Roadmap to Viksit Bharat and Net Zero: Key Insights from NITI Aayog Reports

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Introduction NITI Aayog — India’s premier policy think tank — has published a series of analytical reports envisioning long-term transformation pathways for India. Two interconnected visions are central: These reports explore alternate scenarios, policy levers, economic trajectories, climate action pathways, and the interplay between development and sustainability. The goal is to inform policymakers, planners, civil…

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India’s Power Sector Transformation

India’s Power Sector Transformation: Navigating the Shift from Coal Dependence to Renewable Leadership

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Introduction India’s electricity sector is undergoing one of the largest energy transformations in the world. For decades, coal has formed the backbone of power generation, supporting industrialisation, urban growth, and rising living standards. However, mounting climate concerns, international commitments, and domestic sustainability goals are now reshaping this traditional structure. India has pledged to achieve net-zero…

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India’s Power Sector Transition: From Coal Backbone to Renewables and Net-Zero Ambitions

India’s Power Sector Transition: From Coal Backbone to Renewables and Net-Zero Ambitions

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Introduction The evolution of India’s electricity sector reflects the broader story of its economic development. For decades, coal-powered generation formed the backbone of industrial expansion, urbanisation, and household electrification. Today, however, India is entering a decisive phase of energy transition, driven by climate commitments, technological progress, and changing economics of power generation. As the world’s…

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Globalisation

Is Diversity and Pluralism in India Under Threat Due to Globalisation? A Critical Justification

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Introduction India has historically been celebrated as a land of extraordinary diversity and pluralism. Its social fabric includes hundreds of languages, multiple religions, varied ethnic communities, and distinct regional cultures. Diversity in India is not merely demographic; it is deeply embedded in everyday social practices, festivals, food traditions, artistic expressions, and philosophical outlooks. Pluralism, meanwhile,…

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Twelfth Five-Year Plan of India

Twelfth Five-Year Plan of India (2012–2017): Objectives, Focus Areas, and Targets

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Introduction The Twelfth Five-Year Plan (2012–17) marked the last in the series of Five-Year Plans implemented by the Planning Commission of India before its dissolution in 2014. The Plan was a continuation of the country’s strategy for inclusive, sustainable, and rapid economic growth, building upon the achievements of previous plans. Formulated in the backdrop of…

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Economic Reforms in India

Economic Reforms in India: First-Generation and Second-Generation Reforms

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Introduction Economic reforms refer to structural changes in policies, laws, and institutions undertaken by a government to improve the efficiency, productivity, and growth potential of an economy. They are aimed at liberalizing the economy, reducing inefficiencies, promoting competition, and integrating the country with the global economy. In the context of India, economic reforms have been…

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pcs mains examinations

Poverty in India: A Multidimensional Challenge and the Way Forward

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Introduction India, despite being one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, continues to face the persistent challenge of poverty. With its rapid economic growth, the country has witnessed an increase in its GDP, infrastructure development, and human capital. However, these gains have not always been equitably distributed, and large sections of the population remain…

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