Corruption is one of the most pervasive threats to internal security, weakening governance, eroding public trust, and enabling crime and terrorism. It affects law enforcement, judiciary systems, and public institutions, making a nation vulnerable to internal instability. Countries that fail to address corruption often struggle with economic stagnation, civil unrest, and weakened national security. This…
Introduction Internal security is a crucial pillar of a nation’s stability, ensuring law and order, economic development, and overall peace. However, terrorism and corruption pose serious threats to internal security, destabilizing governance, weakening institutions, and undermining public trust. While terrorism directly challenges national integrity through violent acts, corruption erodes the system from within, facilitating security…
1. Introduction Insurgency is a complex socio-political phenomenon that affects various nations worldwide. It is often characterized by armed rebellion, political resistance, and the use of guerrilla tactics by non-state actors against an established authority. Insurgencies have historically played a significant role in shaping political landscapes, often emerging from deep-rooted grievances, ideological conflicts, or socio-economic…