Introduction India is witnessing one of the fastest rates of urbanization in the world. Megacities such as Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, and Bengaluru have emerged as economic engines, attracting millions of people in search of opportunities. However, this rapid and often unplanned urban growth has also intensified the risk of disasters, transforming cities into zones…
Introduction India is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world due to its diverse geography, high population density, and increasing environmental stress. From cyclones along the coasts to earthquakes in the Himalayas and floods in river basins, disasters pose a constant challenge to governance and development. Recognizing this, India has developed a structured…
Introduction India’s geographical diversity—ranging from the Himalayan mountains to long coastlines and vast river systems—makes it highly prone to multiple types of disasters. Over time, it became clear that ad hoc relief-based approaches were insufficient to deal with the growing scale and complexity of disasters. This led to the creation of a dedicated institutional mechanism,…