Introduction Economics is not only about markets and private enterprises; it is equally about the role of the government in mobilizing resources, spending them effectively, and influencing the economic structure of a nation. This role of the government is understood through Public Finance. Within public finance, two core concepts stand out—Public Revenue and Tax Revenue….
Introduction Trade between the United States and India has been one of the defining features of their bilateral relationship in the 21st century. The U.S. is one of India’s largest export destinations, absorbing a wide range of products from pharmaceuticals and information technology services to textiles, gems, jewelry, and agricultural goods. In such a context,…
Introduction The Green Revolution refers to the period during the 1960s and 1970s when India adopted new agricultural technologies, including high-yielding varieties (HYV) of seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation techniques. The primary aim was to overcome chronic food shortages and make India self-sufficient in food grain production. Led by scientists such as M.S. Swaminathan,…
Introduction Agriculture has always played a central role in India’s economic development, food security, and rural livelihood. Over the years, India has witnessed multiple agricultural revolutions such as the Green Revolution (cereals), White Revolution (milk), Blue Revolution (fisheries), and others. Each of these revolutions transformed specific sectors of agriculture and contributed to the nation’s self-reliance….
Introduction Agriculture has always been the backbone of India’s economy, society, and culture. It not only provides food security but also employment to nearly half of India’s workforce. Over the years, India has witnessed several agricultural revolutions—the Green Revolution, White Revolution, Blue Revolution, and more. Among these, the concept of the Evergreen Revolution stands out…
Introduction Agriculture has always been the backbone of the Indian economy, employing nearly half of the country’s population and contributing significantly to food security. Among all the inputs in agriculture, seeds hold the prime place because they act as the foundation of crop production. It is said that “a good seed is the most critical…
Introduction The term Sui Generis is a Latin phrase that literally means “of its own kind” or “unique in nature.” In legal and policy contexts, it refers to a system that is tailor-made for specific needs and situations, rather than being borrowed wholesale from existing frameworks. The Sui Generis system has gained prominence in international…
Introduction Food security is a critical issue for India, a country with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, where a significant proportion lives below the poverty line. Ensuring access to affordable food for all sections of society has been a longstanding policy challenge. To address this, India established the Public Distribution System (PDS), a government-run network…
Introduction Agriculture has always been the backbone of India’s economy, supporting the livelihood of nearly half of the population. Over the decades, India has witnessed several agricultural revolutions such as the Green Revolution (cereals), White Revolution (milk), Blue Revolution (fisheries), Yellow Revolution (oilseeds), and others. Collectively, these diverse sectoral transformations in agriculture and allied activities…
Introduction Water is the lifeline of agriculture, and efficient irrigation is crucial for enhancing crop productivity, farmer income, and food security. India, with its vast agricultural landscape, is heavily dependent on monsoon rainfall, which is often erratic and unevenly distributed. To address water scarcity, optimize irrigation, and ensure sustainable agricultural growth, the Government of India…