Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic posed an unprecedented challenge to global economies, and India was no exception. As the world grappled with the crisis, India’s economy witnessed a historic downturn in 2020. However, in the wake of these hardships, the country embarked on a road to recovery, with various measures taken by the government to bolster…
Introduction India’s transformation into a globally significant economy depends on inclusive planning, decentralization, and sustainable practices. In this context, the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog), established in 2015, replaced the Planning Commission to better align with the needs of a dynamic and market-oriented economy. With the core principles of cooperative federalism, innovation, and…
Introduction India embarked on a new economic trajectory in 1991 with the adoption of liberalization, privatization, and globalization (LPG) reforms. These reforms marked a structural shift from a predominantly state-controlled economy to a more market-oriented system. The intent was to boost growth, attract foreign investment, improve efficiency, and integrate India with the global economy. Over…
Introduction The rollout of 5G technology represents a transformative shift in the global digital landscape. In India, the launch of 5G is not merely a technological upgrade—it is a catalyst for socioeconomic transformation, reshaping how people communicate, conduct business, and interact with government services. The 5G revolution is set to enhance digital connectivity, accelerate economic…
Introduction On May 7, 2025, India executed a highly coordinated and precise military operation named “Operation Sindoor.” This operation was a targeted air strike against terrorist camps operating from Pakistan-occupied territories. It was a decisive response to the brutal terrorist attack on April 22 in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, which claimed the lives of 26…
Introduction India is an agrarian country where a large portion of the population depends on agriculture for livelihood. With the rising population, rapid urbanization, and industrial growth, pressure on water resources has increased manifold. In this context, it becomes crucial to utilize water resources for multiple purposes. This is where Multipurpose River Valley Projects come…
Introduction India, one of the world’s fastest-growing economies, is working extensively to upgrade its industrial infrastructure and manufacturing ecosystem.Among the major initiatives driving this effort is the National Industrial Corridor Development Programme (NICDP) — a flagship programme aimed at developing world-class industrial nodes and corridors across the country. The NICDP is a strategic approach by…
Introduction The evolution of transportation infrastructure has reached an exciting new frontier with the development of Connected Smart Roads and Highways. These technologically enhanced road systems integrate advanced communication technologies, sensors, and data-driven strategies to create a safer, more efficient, and sustainable transport network. As urbanization intensifies and the global population grows, the need for…
Introduction Urbanization is a defining characteristic of the 21st century. As the global population continues to rise, more people are moving from rural areas to urban centers in search of better opportunities, economic growth, and modern lifestyles. One of the most significant outcomes of this demographic shift is the rise of megacities — urban areas…
Introduction In the digital era, governments worldwide are leveraging technology to enhance public service delivery. India, in particular, has taken significant steps in e-governance by launching numerous mobile applications to improve transparency, accessibility, and efficiency in various sectors. These apps cater to diverse needs such as governance, finance, education, healthcare, agriculture, transport, employment, and more….