Introduction The Indian Constitution is a unique blend of federal and unitary features. While it provides for a federal structure, its essence often leans towards a unitary system, especially during times of crisis. This dual nature makes it distinct from the classic federal constitutions like that of the United States. The drafters of the Indian…
Introduction Corruption is one of the biggest challenges to governance in any country, and India is no exception. To address this issue, various anti-corruption bodies have been established, with the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) being one of the most prominent institutions. The CVC plays a crucial role in ensuring transparency, accountability, and integrity in public…
Introduction Democracy is a system of governance where the power ultimately lies with the people. However, for a democracy to function efficiently, it requires strong institutions that ensure stability, governance, and implementation of policies. One such institution is the civil services, which act as the backbone of administration and play a crucial role in policy…
Introduction Uttar Pradesh (UP) is India’s most populous state and one of the largest contributors to the country’s economy. The revenue system of the state plays a crucial role in generating funds necessary for governance, public welfare, and infrastructure development. However, despite its vast resources and economic potential, the state faces several challenges in its…
Introduction Parliamentary Committees play a crucial role in the smooth functioning of the Indian Parliament. These committees are essential instruments of legislative oversight, policy scrutiny, and executive accountability. They ensure detailed examination of bills, budgetary allocations, and governmental policies, which may not be possible in full-fledged parliamentary sessions due to time constraints and the complexity…
Introduction Political parties play an indispensable role in the democratic framework of India, shaping policies, representing diverse interests, and providing governance. However, their influence has not been without challenges. While political parties facilitate democratic participation and governance, they have also contributed to issues such as corruption, communalism, and political instability. This article critically examines the…
Introduction India follows a federal system of government, where financial relations between the Centre and States play a crucial role in maintaining a balance of power and resources. The financial distribution framework is primarily governed by the Constitution of India, which lays out provisions for taxation, grants, and revenue sharing. Given the diverse economic conditions…
Introduction The Preamble of the Indian Constitution serves as its guiding light, encapsulating the philosophy and objectives of the document. It is not merely an introductory statement but a declaration of the core values and aspirations that shape the constitutional framework of India. The Preamble affirms the fundamental principles of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity,…
Introduction Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) play a crucial role in shaping public policies worldwide. They act as intermediaries between the government, civil society, and other stakeholders, ensuring that policies are more inclusive, effective, and socially responsible. The participation of NGOs in the policy formulation process has increased significantly over the years, driven by their expertise, grassroots…
Introduction National integration is the process of bringing together diverse groups within a nation to create a unified and harmonious society. It involves fostering a sense of collective identity, common purpose, and social cohesion among people from different regions, cultures, and linguistic backgrounds. However, regionalism—a strong attachment to one’s own region, often leading to demands…