Public health system in India

Public Health System, Universal Health Coverage and the Role of the Private Sector in India

Introduction Universal Health Coverage (UHC), defined as ensuring that all individuals receive quality health services without financial hardship, is a core objective of India’s public policy framework. Despite constitutional commitments under the Directive Principles of State Policy and repeated health sector reforms, India’s public health system continues to face structural and operational limitations. These gaps…

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Higher education reforms

Foreign Universities and the Quality of Higher Education in India: Opportunities and Challenges

Introduction Higher education plays a decisive role in shaping a nation’s knowledge economy, innovation capacity, and global competitiveness. In recent decades, India has made remarkable quantitative progress in higher education, becoming one of the largest systems in the world in terms of enrolment and institutions. However, despite this expansion, the quality of higher and technical…

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Self-Help Group Bank

The Self-Help Group Bank Linkage Programme in India: Empowering Women and Alleviating Poverty

Introduction India’s development narrative has increasingly focused on inclusive growth, women empowerment, and poverty alleviation. Among the innovative interventions addressing these objectives, the Self-Help Group Bank Linkage Programme (SBLP) stands out as a model that combines financial inclusion, social empowerment, and poverty reduction. Introduced in the mid-1990s by NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural…

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Governance

Aadhaar and NPR: Governance, Development, and the Debate on Parallel Schemes

Introduction In the last two decades, India has witnessed an unprecedented expansion of digital governance initiatives aimed at improving state capacity, service delivery, and citizen identification. Among these, Aadhaar and the National Population Register (NPR) stand out as two large-scale, population-wide identification and data collection schemes. While Aadhaar was introduced primarily as a voluntary, biometric-based…

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Autonomy and Excellence in India’s Premier Institutes

Autonomy and Excellence in India’s Premier Institutes: Challenges and the Way Forward

Premier educational institutions such as the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) represent the pinnacle of technical and managerial education in India. Over decades, these institutions have become synonymous with academic excellence, innovation, and global competitiveness. Their alumni include leaders in technology, business, research, and public service — a testament…

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State-Sponsored Talent Cultivation

State-Sponsored Talent Cultivation vs Reward-Based Incentives in Sports: A Critical Analysis

Introduction Sports have always played a dual role in society: as a vehicle for personal achievement and as a source of national pride. Athletes who participate in global platforms such as the Olympics or World Championships often carry the aspirations of an entire nation. On their return, winners are celebrated with cash incentives, awards, and…

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Urban migration and livelihoods, MSME development for marginalized groups

Welfare Protection and Urban Economic Inclusion: A Critical Examination of Government Schemes for Vulnerable Communities

Introduction Governments across the world, including India, design special schemes to uplift vulnerable and backward communities by protecting essential social resources such as land, forests, education opportunities, reservations, subsidies, and welfare entitlements. These measures are rooted in the principles of social justice, equity, and historical correction. However, a growing concern is whether such protective mechanisms—while…

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Child protection policy India

National Child Policy in India: Provisions and Status of Implementation

Introduction Children form the foundation of a nation’s future, and their protection, development, and well-being are central to inclusive growth and human development. Recognising this, India has developed a comprehensive National Policy for Children, first introduced in 1974, revised in 2013, and supplemented by several welfare programs and legislation in the subsequent decades. The National…

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engine of sustainable economic growth

Realising India’s Demographic Dividend: Enhancing Skills, Education, and Employability

Introduction India is often described as a country poised for a demographic dividend, with a large proportion of its population in the working-age group (15–59 years). This demographic structure provides a unique opportunity to accelerate economic growth, improve global competitiveness, and enhance social development. However, the demographic dividend remains theoretical unless India’s human capital becomes…

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