Mahatma Gandhi, one of the most influential leaders of the Indian independence movement, had nuanced views on the Varna system. His perspective evolved over time, shaped by his engagement with social reform, his interpretation of Hindu scriptures, and his commitment to the upliftment of the marginalized sections of society. While Gandhi initially upheld the Varna…
Introduction Democracy is often hailed as the most inclusive and participatory form of governance, where citizens have the right to elect their representatives and influence policy decisions. Elections serve as the cornerstone of democracy, ensuring that political power is derived from the people. However, in diverse societies, especially those with deep-rooted social structures, democracy and…
Rural settlements are an essential part of India’s demographic and cultural fabric. They form the backbone of the nation’s economy, housing a significant portion of its population. The rural settlement patterns in India are shaped by a variety of physical, cultural, economic, and political factors. These settlements reflect the relationship between humans and their environment,…
Introduction India, with its rich cultural heritage, diverse traditions, and complex social structure, has undergone a process of continuous evolution for thousands of years. Despite these changes, several aspects of Indian society have remained relatively consistent, reflecting a deep-rooted continuity. However, a variety of internal and external factors have contributed to its transformation, making the…
Introduction Bhagat Singh (1907–1931) was not only a brave freedom fighter but also an intellectual revolutionary whose philosophy extended beyond mere political independence. Unlike many of his contemporaries, he did not believe in replacing British rule with another oppressive system. Instead, he envisioned a truly egalitarian and just society, free from exploitation, discrimination, and inequality….