Introduction The League of Nations was established in 1920 as part of the Treaty of Versailles, aiming to maintain peace and prevent future conflicts. It was the first international organization of its kind, designed to promote diplomacy, collective security, and conflict resolution. However, despite its ambitious goals, the League failed to prevent major conflicts, most…
Introduction The last two decades have witnessed a significant rise in international terrorism, posing a severe challenge to global peace and security. Terrorism, driven by ideological, political, economic, and religious motives, has affected almost every part of the world. Nations have been compelled to rethink their security policies, strengthen international cooperation, and take firm actions…
Introduction The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the most influential global institutions responsible for maintaining international peace and security. Established in 1945, the UNSC consists of five permanent members (P5)—the United States, Russia, China, the United Kingdom, and France—who wield veto power, along with ten non-permanent members elected for two-year terms. India,…
Introduction The Second World War (1939-1945) was one of the most devastating conflicts in human history, leading to massive destruction, loss of life, and economic ruin. With the horrors of war still fresh in the minds of global leaders, efforts to establish and maintain world peace became a top priority. Various initiatives were undertaken at…
Introduction The G20 Summit, an influential gathering of the world’s major economies, plays a pivotal role in addressing global economic, social, and environmental challenges. The 2024 G20 Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, embraced the theme “Building a Just World and a Sustainable Planet.” This theme underscored the need for equitable growth, sustainability, and…
Introduction Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) play a crucial role in shaping public policies, advocating for social causes, and influencing governance at local, national, and international levels. They act as mediators between the government and the public, ensuring that policies are inclusive, sustainable, and aligned with the needs of marginalized communities. In modern governance, policy-making is no…
Globalization has transformed the world into an interconnected web of economic, political, and social relations. While it has led to unprecedented economic growth, cultural exchange, and technological advancement, it has also intensified global challenges such as economic inequality, political conflicts, environmental degradation, and human rights violations. In such a scenario, international ethics has become the…