Introduction The early 20th century marked a radical shift in India’s freedom struggle with the rise of mass-based movements under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22) and the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-34) emerged as two landmark phases that galvanized Indian society against British colonial rule. In both these national movements, Uttar Pradesh…
The Civil Disobedience Movement, launched in 1930, was one of the most significant mass movements in India’s struggle for independence. Mahatma Gandhi led this movement, which aimed at non-violent resistance against British rule. It was characterized by mass protests, boycotts, and non-cooperation with British authorities. The immediate cause of the movement was the British monopoly…
The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922) was a significant chapter in India’s struggle for independence, initiated under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. It called for a boycott of British institutions and promoted the use of indigenous goods and self-reliance. Uttar Pradesh, then known as the United Provinces, played a pivotal role in the movement due to its…