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Global Economic Cooperation

Global Economic Cooperation: Understanding G20, G8 (Formerly G7), OPEC, and APEC — Structure, Functions, and Goals

Introduction In the modern globalized world, international cooperation has become essential to address complex economic, political, and environmental challenges. Nations are interconnected through trade, finance, energy, and diplomacy. To promote stability, growth, and mutual understanding, several international organizations have emerged. Among these, the Group of Twenty (G20), Group of Eight (formerly G7), Organization of Petroleum…

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International Organizations

International Organizations: Meaning, Role, and Significance in Global Governance

Introduction In the modern interconnected world, no nation can exist in isolation. The complexities of international relations—ranging from trade and security to health, environment, and human rights—necessitate cooperation among states. This cooperation is formalized through international organizations, which serve as platforms for dialogue, policy formulation, coordination, and dispute resolution among countries. International organizations have become…

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Future of Globalization

The Future of Globalization in a Post-Pandemic World

Introduction Globalization has been one of the most transformative forces of the modern era, redefining economies, societies, and cultures across the globe. At its core, globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of nations, facilitated by advancements in trade, technology, finance, and communication. For decades, globalization accelerated global economic growth, increased cross-border investments, boosted…

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pcs mains examinations

Why Did the League of Nations Fail to Prevent Future Conflicts Despite Its Formation in 1920?

Introduction The League of Nations was established in 1920 as part of the Treaty of Versailles, aiming to maintain peace and prevent future conflicts. It was the first international organization of its kind, designed to promote diplomacy, collective security, and conflict resolution. However, despite its ambitious goals, the League failed to prevent major conflicts, most…

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pcs magazine

Recent USA-Iran Tensions: Causes, Impact on India, and India’s Response

Introduction The relationship between the United States (USA) and Iran has been historically turbulent, marked by diplomatic conflicts, military confrontations, and economic sanctions. Recent tensions have escalated due to a combination of geopolitical, military, and economic factors, leading to concerns about regional stability, global oil markets, and international security. For India, these tensions hold significant…

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