Introduction Earth’s climate system is a complex interaction of various atmospheric, oceanic, and terrestrial processes. Among the most influential natural climatic phenomena that disrupt this balance are El Niño and La Niña, collectively known as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). These irregular periodic variations in sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and wind patterns in the central…
Introduction The Northern Atlantic Ocean is a vast and dynamic body of water characterized by complex ocean currents that play a crucial role in regulating global climate, marine ecosystems, and weather patterns. These currents influence navigation, fisheries, and coastal environments. Understanding their origins, movements, and impacts is essential for both scientific and economic purposes. This…
Introduction Tropical cyclones are powerful weather systems that develop over warm oceanic waters and significantly impact coastal and inland regions. These storms originate in tropical and subtropical regions, driven by oceanic and atmospheric conditions. However, as soon as they make landfall, they begin to weaken and eventually dissipate. This article explores the reasons behind the…