The genesis of India’s indigenous satellite navigation system, NavIC, is not merely a tale of technological ambition but a profound declaration of national strategic autonomy. The necessity for an independent regional constellation arose from critical vulnerabilities inherent in relying on foreign-controlled Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), primarily the US-operated Global Positioning System (GPS). The Inviolable…
Introduction The global economy has become increasingly interdependent, with international trade serving as a lifeline for growth, industrialization, and technological advancement. However, this interdependence also exposes countries to external shocks arising from disputes between major economic powers. The U.S.-China trade war, which began in 2018, has been one of the most significant disruptions in the…
Introduction In the 21st century, the world is witnessing rapid transformations in global politics, economics, and security. The global order that once appeared relatively stable under post-Cold War liberal frameworks is being reshaped by shifting power dynamics, regional rivalries, technological revolutions, and ideological contests. Amid these changes, states are increasingly faced with the challenge of…
Introduction India, one of the world’s largest importers of arms, has recognized the strategic necessity of developing indigenous defense technologies to reduce its dependency on foreign suppliers. The pursuit of self-reliance in defense is not merely a matter of economic importance but a vital element of national security, sovereignty, and strategic autonomy. Over the past…
Introduction India’s foreign policy is a crucial pillar of its national strategy, shaping the country’s interactions with the global community. As one of the world’s largest economies and most populous democracies, India plays a key role in global geopolitics. The present era is marked by rapid changes in international relations, with shifting alliances, evolving trade…