Introduction Elections are the foundation of a democratic system, ensuring that power is vested in the hands of the people. The Election Commission of India (ECI) plays a crucial role in conducting elections in a free, fair, and transparent manner. Established under Article 324 of the Indian Constitution, the ECI is responsible for administering elections…
Introduction Local self-government is an essential pillar of democracy, ensuring grassroots participation in governance and development. Recognizing its significance, India enacted the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments in 1992, which institutionalized Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) and Urban Local Bodies (ULBs). These amendments aimed to decentralize power, enhance local governance, and promote participatory democracy. This essay…
The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are an essential part of the Indian Constitution, incorporated in Part IV (Articles 36-51). These principles serve as guidelines for the central and state governments to frame laws and policies for establishing a welfare state. Inspired by the Irish Constitution, the DPSPs aim to promote social justice, economic…
Introduction The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are guidelines in Part IV (Articles 36-51) of the Indian Constitution, directing the government to promote social and economic welfare. While these principles are not legally enforceable, they serve as an essential framework for policymaking in India. Among the DPSPs, certain provisions are specifically referred to as…
Introduction The Indian Constitution establishes a framework for governance by incorporating Fundamental Rights (FRs) and Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs). While Fundamental Rights (Part III, Articles 12-35) guarantee individual liberties, DPSPs (Part IV, Articles 36-51) provide guidelines for the government to create a welfare state. Though distinct, both aim to ensure justice, equality, and…
Introduction The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) in Part IV (Articles 36-51) of the Indian Constitution serve as guidelines for the government to create a welfare state. Although not enforceable by the courts, DPSPs have played a crucial role in shaping legislations, policies, and judicial decisions in India. Over the years, several landmark cases…
Introduction The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) form an essential part of the Indian Constitution. They serve as guiding principles for the government to establish a welfare state that ensures social justice, economic equality, and political progress. Though not enforceable by courts, DPSPs play a crucial role in shaping laws, policies, and governance to…
1st Amendment Act, 1951 2nd Amendment Act, 1952 3rd Amendment Act, 1954 4th Amendment Act, 1955 5th Amendment Act, 1955 6th Amendment Act, 1956 7th Amendment Act, 1956 8th Amendment Act, 1960 9th Amendment Act, 1960 10th Amendment Act, 1961 11th Amendment Act, 1961 12th Amendment Act, 1962 13th Amendment Act, 1962 14th Amendment Act,…
Part IV of the Indian Constitution deals with the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP). It includes Articles 36 to 51 and serves as guidelines for the government to establish a welfare state in India. List of Articles Under Part 4: Key Points to Remember: Would you like a detailed explanation on any specific article?
Introduction The Rajya Sabha, or the Council of States, is the upper house of the Indian Parliament and plays a significant role in the Indian parliamentary system. While the Lok Sabha (House of the People) is directly elected by the citizens, the Rajya Sabha is a permanent house with members elected by state legislative assemblies…